A penetration test, or pen test, is a simulated cyberattack conducted on a computer system, network, or web application to identify security weaknesses. The goal is to discover vulnerabilities before malicious attackers can exploit them, allowing organizations to strengthen their defenses. Unlike real attacks, penetration testing is performed in a controlled and authorized manner, following a defined scope and methodology.

Penetration testing helps organizations understand their security posture, assess risks, and ensure compliance with industry standards. By revealing potential threats—such as weak passwords, software bugs, or misconfigurations—it provides actionable insights to improve security policies, protect sensitive data, and prevent unauthorized access.